You can, with a Nikon to M39 adapter (such as those made by Novoflex under the LEINIK label).
It's probably not worth it, though. No rangefinder coupling, which is a real problem at f/1.4, and the adapter is quite expensive. If you had an R2 or better with M mount, you could use the rangefinder-coupled adapters sold by Cameraquest for $300, but these require you to transfer the distance to the lens manually, not to mention that you can get a smaller, directly-coupled Canon 50/1.4 rangefinder lens for $300.