bwillis,
First thing... are you Bill, Bull, Bob, Bart or Bernard? Just wondering. Any name will be better than just bwillis.
Now, about your questions, the kind of film you can use in that camera is mostly slow, from ISO 50 (available in color as Fuji Velvia, or in B&W) to ISO 400. Don't try using anything faster unless you plan on shooting in extremely low light. I want to emphasize this because RF cameras are usually limited in that they don't have a very fast top shutterspeed. Your camera probably goes all the way to 1/1000 of a second. I guess you'll rarely need anything faster, but in any event, not having a 1/4000 bars you from using a roll of ISO 800 film during the day and outdoors under the Georgia sun.
Hence, try slow film, both in slide (Fuji Velvia ISO 50 or ISO 100, or Kodak Elitechrome ISO 100), or negative film (Kodak ISO 100, or Fuji Superia or Reala, also ISO 100; if you find Superia ISO 200 then snatch it, because it does come in handy).
If you really are in a backwater town, see to get mailers from Snapfish to develop your negative film. Contact them at their website, which is Snapfish.com, and ask for mailers. They develop the film and post your shots in an online gallery to which you have a password. That way, if you want electronic copies, all you need to do is click and save.
Now, if you have a Wallyworld or a pharmacy or any kind of minilab around, leave your print film there and ask for negatives and a CD, no prints. That'll lower your developing costs.
Now, the very best way to lower your film expenditures is learning to develop your own. It's easier to do it with B&W film, and all the how-to is spread around in the web, in a variety of sites. I learned to do it that way, but I also checked with a fellow RFF member, who replied to my questions most patiently. We are good at that, by the way... 😉
As for polarizers... I'd rather use a Neutral Density filter instead, and only on extremely sunny days. Otherwise, it's pretty much unnecessary.
Regarding books... this forum does a better job than many out there. The Hicks and Schultz's book mentioned above is a nice history, but offers just a little in the way of photography. Nothing works better than do as joe does: get books about photographers instead of photography books. You need to learn on your own, but to do it, need to soak up visual ideas first. Check our gallery, because it's chockfull of really good images.
Now... get out and shoot! 🙂
BTW welcome to the forum too! 😉