The number of aperture blades is only one factor. When you shoot at the widest open aperture, then there are no blades in the optical path; it is just a perfect round circle. Also, if the aperture blades are curved, then they will not affect the defocus rendering.
The optical characteristics of the glass usually have more influence on the defocus rendering (what you called bokeh). Lenses with certain aberations will perform differently. In general, medium format lenses are lower volume production than most 35mm lenses, often implying that they are more carefully constructed. There are obvious exceptions, though in general the performance of many medium format lenses is quite good.