Best camera for low light social/documentary photography?

SimonPJ

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The recent activity on threads about how people got into, or out of, Leica reminded me of a thread that I started back in 2013.

https://www.rangefinderforum.com/forums/showthread.php?t=137835&highlight=Social+discrete+low+light

That thread was about whether Leica M’s were still the best choice for discrete low light photography when you are in amongst what’s going on. (I had originally started using Leica M’s in the 1990’s to document research that I was doing in a children’s psychiatric unit.)

Since I posed that question back in 2013 the high ISO performance of digital M’s has obviously improved significantly, with the M10 now closer to the current state of the art than my M9 was then.

Here’s what I wrote back in 2013 (slightly edited):

“In the 25 plus years that I've been using Leicas, one of my main uses for them has been documenting social or work events that I'm participating in - usually when I'm sitting amongst the people I'm photographing, and often in very poor light because it's indoors, or late in the day. I know this is a familiar situation for many on RFF.

Until the digital M’s, for me this usually meant a film M loaded with 800 ISO colour neg film, and more often than not a 35 'Lux wide open, or nearly so, shot at 1/30 or even 1/15. This can work fine - as long as you're able to juggle shallow depth of field and shoot when your subjects aren't getting too animated and moving around too much!

I've been wondering whether there are any interesting alternatives to the digital M’s to try that would work better - or at least, differently - in these low light social situations. Several cameras have better high ISO performance than the digital M’s, but I know also that some of them have problems focusing in low light.

So what are the requirements?

It needs to have excellent high ISO performance to open up the possibility of using smaller apertures and faster shutter speeds.

It needs to be able to focus reliably and quickly on people's faces -preferably their eyes - in challengingly low light (all M's do this exceptionally well).

It needs to allow a good view of the subject for quick and responsive composition.

And it needs to be unobtrusive, quiet and easy to hold and pack - to make it easy to keep participating in the social situation.”

So, what would the answer to this question be if you were starting from scratch today? Would a Leica M still be at the top of the list? What would the other options be?

Cheers,

Simon
 
I don't think M could focus on eyes or faces. You have to focus M and recognize eyes and faces.
I would choose between A7 series and Canon DSLR. Or just use mobile phone, if it is all for insta, twitter and FB.
Also, with my experience of documenting events, if you want to participate, mobile phone is right tool. But if you are documenting, size of the camera is not important. To me it is participating or photography. If we are talking about events, not drink, eat and bla-bla-bla.
 
I guess techincally not a rangefinder but the x100v would be my choice...quiet/discrete plus the wide angle and telephoto lens attachments can be quickly added/removed as needed. You get Eye AF and I think an absolutely beautiful rendering for a modern lens. Also close focus on the new camera is fantastic.
 
The Leica M6 rangefinder with a 35mm f/1.4 lens is my personal favorite for low-light social/documentary photography with a film camera.

The Fuji X-Pro2 mirrorless (in silent electronic shutter mode) with a 23mm f/1.4 lens is my personal favorite for low-light social/documentary photography with a digital camera.
 
I don't think M could focus on eyes or faces.


I think eyes or faces would be rather tough to focus upon manually using a traditional rangefinder patch. There is a reason why they use a vertical object with strong contrasty lines as the example in the camera manual; it's much easier to focus on.
 
I think eyes or faces would be rather tough to focus upon manually using a traditional rangefinder patch. There is a reason why they use a vertical object with strong contrasty lines as the example in the camera manual; it's much easier to focus on.

I find that it’s very natural to use the high-contrast edge between the white of the eye and the upper and lower eyelids to focus with the M rangefinder patch. The black of the pupil and the black line often surrounding the iris also help with focus alignment.

And if it’s too dark to see the eyeball well enough to focus then the line of the nose is usually clear enough, with a tiny adjustment to shift back to the eyes if you’re close enough for it to make a difference.
 
X-Pro 3 or X100V would be my choices. I went with the XE-3 recently because of the low out of pocket cost and size. I like having the option to pick faster or smaller glass depending upon the situation.

Only down side IMHO is that they don't have a 1:1 finder.

B2 (;->
 
Any of the Fuji X100 series cameras would fit the bill. They all use a leaf shutter that makes but a small tick when fired. From the X100T on, one can alternately use an electronic shutter that is totally silent, though one must be mindful of rolling shutter artifacts especially in artificial light.

Starting with the X100T, one can switch on a picture-in-picture EVF panel in the corner of the OVF to confirm focus. The X100V is the latest model with a new lens design for better spherical aberration correction and sharper cross-frame performance than the previous lens design. All X100 models have a fixed 23mm ƒ/2 lens mated to an APS-C sensor, but one can purchase screw-on conversion lenses to get 19mm wide angle or 33mm standard focal lengths. I’ve never used them but have heard the loss in image quality and light transmission is negligible.

ISO performance is probably high enough for you that you won’t miss an ƒ/1.4 lens.
 
I’ve been using the Panasonic G9 for pretty much that exact task (documentary work). At first, using AF, it was not a good experience. Then I switched to MF with the viewfinder MF enlargement patch and it was a revelation. In use the Oly 12-40 f2.8 quite a bit as it has the MF clutch system. I also use the Sigma 16mm f1.4 C and it has fantastic handling for MF. 1 G9 has the 16mm and the other G9 has the 12-40.

The G9 viewfinder is really spectacular though. This may not work as well with other models.
 
Eyes are easy reasonably close. I spent 8 1/2 years working in a big church nursery and loved it. In quiet moments I would take pictures of the babies and post them in the hall. I used an M6 .85 and 50mm Summilux asph. Lens wide open, set at .7 meters and move in and out until the eyes were in focus, shutter speed as high as possible but usually 60th of a second. It worked great. It was easy to get the eyes in sharp focus and let the rest fall where it may. It worked for me, I don't know if it will do what you want to do. Joe
 
Another X100 series vote. Virtually silent leaf shutter, good high iso performance, face/eye detect on later versions, compact body.

Not shot with one, but I'd imagine the Leica Q/Q2 are pretty decent for discreet low light also.
 
I bought an M9 to be able to use my collection of lenses. However, today I would never buy a Leica digital. I also bought an X-Pro 2 for travel that I haven't used in at least 6 months. Just too many options, and for me, confusing menus.

I think all current digital cameras offer ISO's far and beyond what you would need (unless you might be shooting coal miners at work). I'd look to either one of the Sony A7 models or the Nikon Z6.
 
Eyes are easy reasonably close. I spent 8 1/2 years working in a big church nursery and loved it. In quiet moments I would take pictures of the babies and post them in the hall. I used an M6 .85 and 50mm Summilux asph. Lens wide open, set at .7 meters and move in and out until the eyes were in focus, shutter speed as high as possible but usually 60th of a second. It worked great. It was easy to get the eyes in sharp focus and let the rest fall where it may. It worked for me, I don't know if it will do what you want to do. Joe

The beauty of a RF is you don't need to determine when the focusing screen is sharp, and it doesn't matter what speed the lens is. So a f.95 focuses just as easy as an F16. I used to have 20/200 vision (before Lasik) and focusing a SLR could be difficult even with glasses. I could focus a RF even without glasses. Sharpness of the object in the RF is immaterial, just bring two images together. Now at 69 it's cataracts, my F2 can be difficult in low light, my M bodies never.
 
Waist-level shooting via fold-out screen?

Waist-level shooting via fold-out screen?

The Fuji x100 cameras always seem to come up as ideal options in this discussion, providing something of the Leica M viewing experience in more of a Barnack sized package - very much in the vein of the original portable high quality image making that transformed photography in the late 1920’s and the 1930’s.

Of course, the Fuji x100v now has a fold-out rear screen as well the OVF. How many of you have shifted to using fold-out rear screens for unobtrusive social/documentary work?

I expected to use my Sony A7riii in that way, but never got beyond a few rather clumsy and awkward attempts. Given that iPhone photo making (looking down at a screen and tapping it) has become so ubiquitous to be almost invisible - and at the same time, lifting a camera to your face when in a social gathering has become somewhat more noticeable - I thought using the waist-level view might work well. I think I’m too instinctively wedded to the rangefinder photographer’s mode of appearing to look directly and ‘openly’ at what they’re photographing for the looking down approach to feel anything other than rather shifty.

Have you used waist level viewing effectively for this kind of work? Or seen others doing so?
 
When I had an X70, I used the fold-out screen often for a waist-level shooting experience. It was especially useful to have the tap-to-focus and tap-to-focus-and-shoot functionality.

At first, it did feel shady, but I grew accustomed to the feeling and in the end it felt no sneakier than using my Rolleiflex.
 
I don't think that low light capability is the be all and end all for social documentary photography. As someone who shot many projects on film, having limits can be frustrating but forced me to be more creative. I think the M10 is a great, discrete camera for social, intimate documentary.
 
I am (well, before the lockdown) specialised in corporate photography e.g. events. A couple of years ago I decided for a Sony A7riii, the 28mm and the 55 Zeiss. It’s a perfect combo for me, I use the flip out screen for low angle perspectives and stealth shots when I‘m waiting for the decisive moment, but for portraits I use the EVF. High ISO until 12.800 is common for me. The results are great, my clients are very happy with the output. I am happy with both AF lenses, but for the special look I would choose MF lenses like the Canon LTM 50mm f1.2 or my latest acquisition CV 35mm 1.4 classic E-Mount. No problems with wearing glasses and really happy with my kit.
 
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