The screw mount is, as its name suggests, a lens mount which you screw on - by turning the lens clockwise onto the camera body. If you are familiar with the Pentax Spotmatic camera - same principle. It is sometimes referred to as an S mount or a LTM (Leica Thread Mount) mount. The M mount quite simply is a bayonet mount - exactly the same (in principle) that you find on modern SLR cameras with interchangeable lenses. Thats it. Simple really. The LTM mount was something of a standard in its day and quite a few cameras of other manufacturers used the same mount (Canon for example.) Not so with the M mount. By the time it came into being in the mid 1950's, the SLR camera was just starting its rise to predominance so I suppose this may be why Leica's particular version of the bayonet mount - the M mount never became too widely used - it was designed for rangefinder cameras not SLR cameras. Today there are a few 3rd party manufacturers of M mount lenses and of course you can also get adapters that allow LTM lenses to be used successfully on M mount cameras.