The drawback to re-using any developer is halide build-up, resulting in a loss of activity and speed at a given contrast. This is seen at its extreme in a 'seasoned' (stable, fully-replenished) developer, where you typically lose a stop in speed compared with the same dev used fresh.
Of course you can compensate for this in two ways: rate the film slower, or develop for longer -- but the latter means more contrast, at least, after you have compensated for the loss of activity. I am always amused by those who think they are using the Zone System but are ignorant of this.
The great advantages of a seasoned developer are that it is extremely predictable, very convenient (especially in a deep tank with a floating lid) and very cheap indeed. I have used both ID-11 and Microphen this way, but the true ISO of HP5 is about 200 in the one and 320 in the other. Allow an extra 1/3 stop for tonality and you're looking at EI 160 and 250.
Finallly, the 'plus ten per cent' rule is very much a rough rule of thumb, but as palec says, Tri-X is very forgiving. So are most cubic-crystal films, followed by Ilford's epitaxial crystals and then by Kodak's T-grain, though the latest T-grain 400 is a lot more tolerant than the former version.
Cheers,
Roger