For example, Carl Zeiss designed the Planar 1:0,7/50—the fastest lens in the world—for NASA, enabling photos to be taken of the dark side of the Moon for the very first time.
The first photos of the dark side of the Moon were taken by a Soviet probe with honest-to-atheist-gods Soviet lens. That's how we ended up with so many Russian-sounding features on the Moon map.
Afaik, the camera system used in Luna-3 probe was called Енисей-2 (Yenisey-2) and it used scanning approach for making images.
Lens used in this system were 200/5.6 and 500/9.5 lens.
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