Hmmm, 'fast', 'sharp', 'not much grain' - one of the three has to go...
Esp. 'sharp' and 'not much grain' don't go together too well, as developers that give good sharpness usually also enhance grain.
My personal experiences: pushing TriX, HP5+ or Neopan 400 to 800 is not a problem at all; I use Calbe A49 developer for that, as it gives good film speed, good contrast management, and relatively fine grain; sharpness is not to great, though, since it is a fine grain developer; you might get sharper (but also grainier) results with Ilford Microphen, XTOL is another option. I've heard great things about Diafine, but never tried it, as it is hard to find in Europe.
Fuji Neopan 1600 is astoningishly fine-grained, and gives very pleasing results at 800-1000 ASA; it is still useable at 1600, but gets very contrasty; I would not push it beyond that, since you will have a hard time printing/scanning those extra-contrasty negs.
Ilford Delta 3200: while others get good results, I was never satisfied with this film - it always seemed kinda mushy, unsharp, no matter whether I used Microphen, A49 or Tetenal Emofin (which gave particularly bad results).
I prefer Kodak TMax 3200 - grain is very definitely visible with that film, even when shot at around 100 to 1250 ASA (its 'real' speed); grainier than Delta 3200, but MUCH sharper, in my experience; also, very useable at 3200 ASA; I develop it in Calbe A49 1+1 at 20°C for 20 min. - see some results in my gallery!
Roman