The Russian lenses have a Tessar optical layout, four elements in three groups. The Elmar is five elements in three groups. Aperture in front of rearmost group in both lenses.
An Industar-22 can be as sharp as a clean Elmar and the design isn't what limits sharpness, it's quality control. As others have pointed out, there are bad Industars and good ones out there and it's a gamble what you will get, unless you can test before purchase.