George S. said:
If you are taking either general or specific ( accident scenes) shots of public areas and include strangers, you can do that without asking them for releases, if the shot is deemed 'newsworthy'.
I believe your understanding is flawed, no offense intended.
IANAL, but I've done a lot of research into this field. This applies to the USA only:
You can take any kind of photographs you wish in public areas, of anything and anyone you wish. A 'model release' is a specific grant of right to use the photos for a specific purpose, not permission to photograph.
What I think you might be confusing is when a 'model release' is required - and that is if you wish to use a resulting image for commercial purposes. And 'commercial purposes' is a bit fuzzy. Most agree that news reporting does not require a release. Some agree that books do not require a release. Almost no one agrees that a billboard advertisement does not require a release. Some courts have drawn the line in one place, some in another.
Again - a 'release' is to surrender rights - usually for compensation. Since no one has a 'right' to prevent their photo being taken in public, no one needs a release to take photos. It is what you DO WITH THE PHOTOS that matters.
If you see an interesting person and take their photo, and they are recognizable, (and they, in effect, become the focal point instead of the surroundings), and you ever intend to get compensation or you do get compensation for the shot (paid for it in some way) then you better have gotten a model release.
Probably. It is definitely better to have one than not if you intend to make money on the photograph. There is an author who was the center of a controversy lately because he took photos of people as they walked under some construction material and then put the photos in a book - they were recognizable - one man sued. I don't recall the outcome.
Most newspapers and magazines will ask to see a copy of the release before accepting a photo if they deem one should have been gotten.
Not certain. Practice varies.
And the rules for "public figures" are slightly different. That's what allows a hundred papparazzi to follow Jennifer Aniston outside the Starbucks, snap her photo and sell it to the tabloids without a model release.
The rule is that you can't make money on an image unless you have obtained the right to do so - that's what a model release is for. And you can't hold a recognizable person up to public ridicule by publishing their photograph in an unflattering or embarrassing way. A public figure is one who by the nature of their business is a 'public person'. Even public figures are entitled to privacy in the same conditions that the rest of us would be entitled to privacy - such as in the bathroom or what have you. They just are not generally held to own the rights to their image anymore - they have 'put it out there' freely, so to speak.