I own a number of the lenses discussed in this thread (CV 50/2.5, Nikkor-H 5cm 2.0, Canon 50/1.8 and 50/1.5, the Summitar, and the little Elmar 50/3.5). I tend to agree with Erik van Straten that the CV 50/2.5 may be the best of the lot for a Leica III*, although the Nikkor-H would be a close second, IMO. But rather than repeat what others have said, here are a few more considerations which may influence your choice:
(1) flare resistance: the CV Skopar 50 has modern coatings and is very resistant to flare, probably more so than the other lenses discussed here. I've never found that I needed to use a lens hood other than the little circular hood that came with that lens. With other lenses discussed here, you may need a hood or shade.
(2) handling: you say you're not a fan of collapsible lenses, which eliminates most of the Leitz options for the IIIg. The CV Skopar has a focusing tab and very smooth and fast action. I love the way mine handles. The Nikkor and Canon lenses have focus locks; some folks dislike them and disable them.
(3) lens "character": I love the old school look I get from a Summitar, and shoot it for that reason. The CV Skopar does have a more "modern" look, but its reputation for being overly contrasty is not well founded; the lens can produce photos with great subtleties of tone. The Canon 50/1.8 has lovely, smooth bokeh, if that matters to you. And the Nikkor gives you close focusing options you won't get with other lenses. The Nikkor-H 5.0 cm 2.0 and the Canon 50/1.5 are both sonnar design lenses, and are fun to shoot portraits with, wide open, to get that lovely sonnar fall-off. If you're primarily a landscape or street photographer, however, you may not care. Both the Canon 50/1.8 and the Canon 50/1.5 do particularly well with color film, IMO.
(4) sample condition. This may be the most important consideration. You have lots of choices, as this thread explains. I'd recommend looking for the specific lens in the best condition that fits within your budget, and get that one. You can always replace or add another 50 later.
Good luck!