Looking at the Canon 50/1.4: it is a classic 1-2-2-1 Taylor Hobson Opic of 1920. The Carl Zeiss Jena Biotar 50mm F1.4 of 1927 pushed the Opic to F1.4. Almost every F2 "double-Gauss" of the 20th and 21st century is based on the "Slight Asymmetry" introduced to the original 19th century symmetric Double-Gauss design. Just about every manufacturer of lenses has produced a 1-2-2-1 "Opic", all variations on a theme.
Canon developed a new high index of refraction/ low dispersion glass that improved the design of the F1.4 lens that made it possible to do with a 6 element in 4 group design. Most manufacturers did a 7 element lens in 4, 5, or 6 groups.
Optically- the 1-2-2-1 50/1.8 v2 lens is probably a bit better. Unfortunately the glass that gave the lens such good performance reacted badly with some of the lubricants used. The special glass becomes etched from the oil. Somewhat akin to the sensor cover glass of the Leica M9 sensor becoming corroded.
It took me a couple of tries to get optically perfect Canon 50/1.8 v2, 50/1.4, and 50/1.2 lenses. Well worth it. I also have the 50/3.5, 50/2.8, 50/2.2, 50/2, 50/1.9, 50/1.8 v1, 50/1.5, and 50/0.95. The 50/2, 50/1.9, and 50/1.8 v1 are also classic 1-2-2-1 designs. Eleven 50mm lenses, 10 in Leica mount- all from the same manufacturer. The 50/0.95- Canon Breech-Lock mount for the Canon 7. The 50/3.5 and 50/2.8 are Tessar designs. The 50/1.5 is a Sonnar design. The 50/2.2 is a simplified 5/4 Double Gauss, much like a Xenotar. The 1940s Canon 50/2 (marked 5cm F2) has a much larger front element than the Leica Summar, closer in diameter to a Summitar. The Summitar is a 7/5 lens, the Summar is a 6/4 lens. The Canon 5cm F2 has Much less vignetting than the Summar.
Original Japanese 50mm designs as far as I know: the 5cm F1.5 Simlar- 1-3-2-1 Double Gauss 7 element in 4 groups, the Simlar stated to be formulated in 1937. The Canon 85/1.5 is also a 1-3-2-1. The Minolta Chiyoko lenses have some very unique designs. The little 3.5cm F3.5 is a classic Tessar, but has double-coated surfaces, 1957. The Minolta 5cm F1.8 is a 6 element in 5 group design- from the 1950s. Which makes the Leica 6/5 Summicron the "German Super-Rokkor".
Few lenses are "copies", they may follow the same block diagram but the optical prescription - the index of refraction for each element, surface curvature, and spacing of the individual lenses require new computations. Each design requires trade-offs, each is a bit different. The early KMZ Jupiter lenses used the same glass as the CZJ Sonnars until it ran out, used the same optical prescription- but the focal length for Russian screw mount lenses was 52.4mm where the focal length for the original German LTM Sonnars was closer to 51.6mm. Same with the Nikkor-P 10.5cm F2.5 in RF mount vs the SLR mount- slight change in element spacing.