Hallo,
there are 3 posibilities:
1. You "Scan" with a DSLR. You´ll need a lighttable triopod and a mask... all in all can be cheap if youre already in posession of a tripos an dslr and youll habe to fiddle around a bit yourself to get it working
2. A good dedicated 35mm filmscanner can be had starting from 200/300€ the plustek 8100 is very strong and quite reasonbla priced.
3. Flatbedscanners can also scan larger formats and you can scan up to 24 frames (in the v700/750) in one run. However they dont reach the resolution of dedicated filmscanners but with the 2400 optical dpi of the epson v700 ie you are equal with the common 10x max. enlargment of the standard-more sofisticated enlarger lenses. Cheaper ones like canon 9000/8800 or epson v500/600 reach only about 1500-1800 dpi and cost ~200€ the epson v700 with its optical ~2400dip is about 550€ here in Europe.
BLack/White Scanworkflow is pretty straightforward, thats what i do on my epson v700:
a. Scan in Epson Scan at 4800or6400dpi/16bit in "positive mode" manually set the white and black point in the histogramm to include everything an produce a "flat raw". The inversion i already do in epson scan via a inverted curve -> so a straight \ instead of /, beacause some people keep telling, that PS is not able to do a linear inversion and i believe them, because i am simple..
b. PS: Stamp dust crop and resize to 2400dpi(automated, wenn saved) (~30 seconds per picture)
c. Import in lightroom and do the "digital enlargment": set the adequate white/black-points eventually some curves or d/b... etc...
With Color its much more complicated:
a. Start with epson scan scan in positive mode, completely flat, the whole information from "0" to "256" in each channel to a48bit file
b. then in photoshop the same as in b/w, but with the additional step of negative-conversion through the Plugin ColorNeg, which costs a bit, but works the best and most consistent for me.
c. import to Lightroom and some final adjustments.
--> Good filmscanners are not massivly expensive. Get a Plustek 8100 or the like if you only do 35mm or a v700 if you shoot MF too. The digitalisation through a DSLR is not to my liking and I can not reccomend you a workflow for that.
schöne Grüße,
Johann